Nichols, M. (2003). A theory for eLearning. Educational Technology & Society, 6(2), 1-10. (ISSN 1436-4522).
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There has been much written about eLearning practice however little attention has been given to eLearning theory. After arguing that a lack of established theory will hinder further development in eLearning, this paper presents ten hypotheses for eLearning in an attempt to focus attention on the underlying principles that apply to eLearning in all situations.
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Ten hypotheses for eLearning
What follows is a set of general hypotheses or fundamental principles for eLearning. These are intended to provide a platform for debate.
Hypothesis 1:
eLearning is a means of implementing education that can be applied within varying education models (for example, face to face or distance education) and educational philosophies (for example behaviourism and constructivism).
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Hypothesis 2:
eLearning enables unique forms of education that fits within the existing paradigms of face to face and distance education.
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Hypothesis 3:
The choice of eLearning tools should reflect rather than determine the pedagogy of a course; how technology is used is more important than which technology is used.
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Hypothesis 4:
eLearning advances primarily through the successful implementation of pedagogical innovation.
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Hypothesis 5:
eLearning can be used in two major ways; the presentation of education content, and the facilitation of education processes.
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Hypothesis 6:
eLearning tools are best made to operate within a carefully selected and optimally integrated course design model.
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Hypothesis 7:
eLearning tools and techniques should be used only after consideration has been given to online vs offline trade-offs.
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Hypothesis 8:
Effective eLearning practice considers the ways in which end-users will engage with the learning opportunities provided to them.
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Hypothesis 9:
The overall aim of education, that is, the development of the learner in the context of a predetermined curriculum or set of learning objectives, does not change when eLearning is applied.
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Hypothesis 10:
Only pedagogical advantages will provide a lasting rationale for implementing eLearning approaches.
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